![]() ![]() Iron tailings (ITS) is the solid waste of natural iron ore after mining and beneficiation, which is a mixture of metal and non-metallic oxides. An oxygen radical scrubber with ammonium polyphosphate as the carrier, adenine and tannic acid as the gas and carbon sources, respectively, and Ni 2+ as the carbonization catalyst to reduce the release of toxic and combustible gases during the combustion of epoxy resin and improve its flame retardancy. To address the poor flame retardancy of polylactide (PLA), ammonium polyphosphate and chitosan were added to the PLA by a melt mixing method, promoting the formation of a dense and homogeneous char residue in the material. For instance, a biomass melamine phytate has been used as a flame retardant, showing good compatibility with the rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) matrix, and inhibiting the release of smoke (e.g., aromatic compounds, cyanide and CO), toxic gases and combustible gases (e.g., hydrocarbons and esters). ![]() ![]() Currently, flame retardants in common use usually include intumescent flame retardants (e.g., ammonium polyphosphate and expandable graphite), bio-based flame retardants (e.g., chitosan, lignin, alginate, and cyclodextrin), and inorganic flame retardants (e.g., zinc borate and aluminum hydroxide). With the concept of green environmental protection gradually becoming the consensus in the world, non-toxic, halogen-free, and environmentally friendly flame retardant systems have attracted wide attention. ![]()
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